This study assessed the BOD5 and ammonia removal rates of freezing bioreactors. Bench-scale sand/gravel and sand/textile bioreactors were exposed to 5 freezing-thaw cycles. BOD5 removal rates were > 99% through out the study. Ammonia removal was 99% for the first three freezing-thaw cycles, but decreased during the last two freezing-thaw cycles.
To view full text, click here.